Ransomware is a type of malware that can lock computers, networks, and systems until a ransom is paid. It is a growing problem for businesses of all sizes. Ransomware is a cyberattack that encrypts files and systems, demanding payment for their release.
Types of Ransomware
Locker Ransomware: Locks users out of their devices, preventing access to the system entirely. While files may not be encrypted, the device is rendered unusable until the ransom is paid.
Scareware: Involves fake software that claims to have detected malware or other issues on your computer and demands payment to resolve them. Often, no real harm is done unless victims pay or install the malicious software.
Doxware (Leakware): Attackers threaten to publish or leak sensitive information unless a ransom is paid, adding an extra layer of extortion by threatening reputational damage.
Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS): A business model where ransomware developers sell their ransomware tools to other cybercriminals, who then carry out attacks. This has led to an increase in ransomware attacks by making it easier for less technically skilled criminals to launch them.
How Ransomware Spreads
Ransomware is most commonly delivered via phishing emails that contain malicious attachments or links. Once a user opens the attachment or clicks the link, the ransomware is installed on their device. Ransomware can also spread through malicious websites, drive-by downloads, and vulnerabilities in unpatched software.
Detection
Signs of a ransomware attack include unusual file activity with sudden and large-scale file renaming or encryption, and suspicious network communications involving unusual connections to external servers as the ransomware communicates with the attacker's command and control server.
Prevention
Organizations can reduce the risk of ransomware attacks by maintaining regular, offline backups of critical data, patching software vulnerabilities promptly, deploying advanced email security to block phishing emails, using endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools, and training employees to recognize and report suspicious emails. Pangratis helps prevent ransomware by detecting and blocking the phishing emails that are most commonly used to deliver ransomware payloads.